Organizational Theory And Management Theory Essay

When many of us here the term management, the 1st thing you might think of is being in control of something or someone. In chapter 2 Organizational Theory and Management, it presents administrative and organization theory and behavior relating to the motions comparing to the opportunities of public management. James H. Boren author and founder of the international association of professional bureaucrats in 1970 stated â€Å"When in charge, ponder; when in trouble, delegate†. Frederick Taylor takes four principles of scientific management are the trademark of the classic management period of public administration per chapter 2. The first one encompasses the adoption of laws and formulas to determine the most efficient ways of completing tasks. This was to motivate the employees and maximize production levels to earnings. The second principle of Taylor’s scientific management theory entails studying the capabilities of workers. Management can be looked by the inherent strengths and limitations of each worker and offer special training to improve his or her capabilities. Taylor’s third principle of scientific management is the fusing together of work procedures and specialized training. The fourth and final principle of Taylor’s scientific management is an equal division of labor and it is advantageous, given the details that the fact that management can be better supervise its workers., thereby ensuring to standards procedures. 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Night Stalker Free Essays

Ricardo â€Å"Richard† Munoz Ramirez born February 28, 1960 is a convicted serial killer and is awaiting execution on California’s death row. Before his capture, Ramirez was dubbed the â€Å"Night Stalker† by the mass media. Munoz’s crimes stem from murder to rape and home invasion, his first victim was on April 10, 1984, 9-year-old Mei Leung was found dead in a hotel basement where Ramirez was living at the time. We will write a custom essay sample on Night Stalker or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ramirez’s DNA was matched to DNA obtained at the 1984 crime scene in 2009. On June 28, 1984, 79-year-old Jennie Vincow was found dead in her apartment. She had been stabbed repeatedly, and her throat was slashed so severely she was almost decapitated. On February 21, 1985, Sisters Christina and Mary Caldwell, aged 58 and 71, were found dead in their home. They each were stabbed dozens of times. On March 17, 1985, Ramirez attacked 22-year-old Angela Barrios outside her home. He shot her before entering her house. Inside was Dayle Okazaki, age 34, who Ramirez immediately shot and killed. Within an hour of killing Okazaki, Ramirez again attacked 30-year-old Tsai-Lian Yu, he pulled her out of her car onto the road. He shot her several times and fled. The two attacks occurring on the same day sparked media attention, and caused panic and fear among the public. On March 27, Ramirez shot Vincent Zazzara, age 64, and his wife Maxine, age 44. Mrs. Zazzara’s body was mutilated with several stab wounds. Bullets found at the scene were matched to those found at previous attacks, and the police realized a serial killer was on the loose. Two months after killing the Zazarra couple, Ramirez attacked a Chinese couple: Harold Wu, age 66, who was shot in the head, and his wife, Jean Wu, age 63, who was punched, bound, and then violently raped. On May 29, 1985, Ramirez attacked Malvial Keller, 83, and her disabled sister, Blanche Wolfe, 80, beating each with a hammer. Ramirez attempted to rape Keller, but failed. The next day, Ruth Wilson, 41, was bound, raped, and sodomized by Ramirez, while her 12-year-old son was locked in a closet. Ramirez slashed Wilson once, and then bound her and her son together, and left. On June 2, 1985 Edward Wildgans, 29, was shot and killed by Ramirez. His girlfriend was raped several times by Ramirez but survived. On July 5, sixteen-year-old Whitney Bennett survived after being beaten with a tire iron by Ramirez. On July 7, Linda Fortuna, 63, was attacked and Ramirez tried to rape her, but failed. On July 20, he again struck twice he shot and killed a 32-year-old man, Chitat Assawahem, and his wife Sakima, 29, was beaten and forced to perform oral intercourse. Later in the same day a Glendale couple, Maxson Kneiding, 66, and his wife Lela, also 66, were shot and killed. On August 6, Ramirez shot both Christopher Petersen, 38, and his wife, Virginia, 27, in the head. Amazingly, they both survived. On August 8, Ramirez attacked a couple, fatally shooting Ahmed Zia, 35, before raping Zia’s wife, Suu Kyi, 28. Ramirez then left Los Angeles area, and on August 17, he shot to death a 66-year-old man in San Francisco, also shooting and beating his wife. The wife survived her wounds and was able to identify her attacker from police sketches as the attacker from other similar previous attacks. August 24, 1985, Ramirez traveled broke apartment of Bill Carns, 29, and his fiancee, Inez Erickson, 27. Ramirez shot Carns in the head and raped Erickson. Munoz had stolen the couple’s car and was found on August 28, and police were able to obtain one fingerprint that was on the mirror of the vehicle. The prints belonged to Richard Munoz Ramirez, who was described as a 25-year-old drifter from Texas with a long rap sheet that included many arrests for traffic and illegal drug violations. Two days later, his mugshots were broadcast on national television and printed on the cover of every major newspaper in California. The next day Ramirez was identified, chased, surrounded, and severely beaten by an angry mob in East Los Angeles as he was trying to steal a car. Police had to break up the mob to prevent them from killing Ramirez. On September 20, 1989, he was found guilty of 13 counts of murder, 5 attempted murders, 11 sexual assaults and 14 burglaries. During the penalty phase of the trial on November 7, 1989, he was sentenced to die in California’s gas chamber. The trial of Richard Ramirez was one of the most difficult and longest criminal trials in American history, taking over four years to finalize. Almost 1,600 prospective jurors were interviewed. More than one hundred witnesses testified, and while a number of witnesses had a difficult time recalling certain facts four years after the crimes, others were quite certain of the identity of Richard Ramirez. References The Night Stalker by Philip Carlo pg. 191 ch. 20 â€Å"I’M YOUR NIGHT PROWLER: Interview with Richard Ramirez† (Interview). FEAST OF HATE AND FEAR. Issue 6: FEAST OF HATE AND FEAR. 1996. http://listography. com/showder/serial_killers. /the_victims_of_richard_ram%C3% How to cite Night Stalker, Papers

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Question: Introduction (one paragraph): The introduction should be interesting and capture the readers attention. Provide a brief description of your community including the city name and state and key features. Briefly introduce one vulnerable population that you identified in your assessment. Discuss the purpose of your paper. The purpose statement of the paper should relate to assessing this vulnerable population in your community. Vulnerable Population Overview (one to two paragraphs): Describe one vulnerable group in your community in greater detail. Include your observations about this group from the windshield survey. Discuss events or trends that have affected this vulnerable group such as economic conditions, trends in health related behaviors or disease rates, etc. Strengths, Risk Factors, and/or Barriers (two to three paragraphs): Discuss the strengths, risk factors, and/or barriers that impact this vulnerable populations health. Include support from at least one scholarly peer-reviewed journal article in this discussion. Search peer reviewed journals to find a scholarly article that discuss the strengths, risk factors, and/or barriers faced by this vulnerable group. Summarize what you learned from this article and cite the source in the text and reference page (Author, year). For this section, you must choose at least one scholarly article from a peer-reviewed journal. The article must be less than 10 years old (less than 5 years is best). You may include and cite your textbook or other scholarly sources as well, but they do not count as the scholarly journal article. Community Resources (one to two paragraphs): Search your local public health department website, the internet, the local newspaper and/or telephone book for health resources available in your community for this vulnerable group. Briefly describe the resources in your community that are available for this group. Are these resources adequate? Discuss gaps in services that you identified. Community Health Problem Diagnosis (one to two paragraphs): Based on your assessment and the Healthy People 2020 objectives, identify and discuss one priority community health problem that a community health nurse could positively impact. Examples include an increase in teen pregnancies, prevalence of cancer, high incidence of tobacco use, above average infant mortality etc. The problem must relate to the vulnerable population you identified. Answer: Introduction Sexually Transmitted Diseases are commonly caused by sex majorly anal or vaginal intercourse. Some examples of STDs include: syphilis, genital herpes, Chlamydia, gonorrhea, HIV/AIDS genital warts among others. My study encompassed Bowie City of Prince Georges County, Maryland State. Prince Georges County is located in Bowie city, Maryland State. It has the least population density in the metro region of Maryland largest group are African American or the Black. This population has low income, less than sixty five years and is uninsured. This is because Maryland State isnt so much restrictive on Medicaid income requirements. Prince Georges County has more females than males and most children live below poverty levels ranking it second for STDs in Maryland. (Cates, 1999). The most vulnerable population to the STD identified in my study are the: adolescents, children living below poverty levels, injecting drug users who are HIV positive and those who share needles, low income youths and elderly persons and those practicing high risk behaviors. Main purpose of this study is to establish what causes vulnerability to STDs, how and factors that leads to the spread of the diseases? Vulnerable Population Overview The vulnerable group to the SDTs is the youths, specifically the campus students. This is due to students attitude towards safe sex practices among themselves. Youths dont care about using condoms neither do they care about their partners. According to my observation, most students practice unprotected sex. Others prefer purchasing the contraceptive pills using condoms regardless of their partners status. (Nguyen et al., 2008). Youths, especially campus students are most vulnerable due to some reasons such as financial status of the student. Some have tuition fee problems. Besides, Prince Georges County closely borders the Washington DC which has recorded high rates of HIV infections in the past few years. Its approximated that at least 3% of its total population is infected with the HIV virus. Inadequate health facilities in the county also lead to increased lack of health care access. Its approximated that about 150,000 residents do not have health insurance with over 100,000 on Medicaid. Campus students also get involved in uncontrolled behavior exposing them to STDs whenever they have unprotected sex. (Mayaud and Mabay, 2004) Strengths, Risk Factors, and Barriers STDs are preventable diseases but only if everyone is health conscious. Measures such as promoting healthy sexual behavior, increasing proper healthcare services as well capacity building can be implemented to reduce it. Despite STDs being preventable, they on the other hand have significant health problems which arent easily identifiable by the public health officers, the policy makers and the public at large. Severe STD infections from diseases such as Chlamydia and gonorrhea if left untreated for long time periods may with serious health consequences for example ectopic pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain and infertility in women. STD infections may also increase risk of getting and transmitting the HIV viruses since most of them do not show symptoms at the early stages. However, risk assessment can be done to help in decision making such as encouraging patients to go for screening. (Cates, 1990) Young females are more susceptible to infections as compared to the males because of their anatomical biological characteristics and negotiating condom use is basically for the man. Most adolescents and young adults are at high risk of contracting the STDs since they do not have health cover insurances. Knowledge and awareness on STDs among the youths is as well very poor. Barriers such as racial and ethnic differences especially the African Americans or the Blacks are associated with high rates of poverty and limited or no access to medical services. Secrecy and sexuality perhaps may also lead to STD spread since most youths arent comfortable discussing their intimate life, especially those related to sex. Prince Georges County has poor and few health care facilities but access to high quality health care is paramount at the early stages of detection of any infection. Counseling and treatment is most important at this stage. The African Americans and the Blacks in Bowie town are highly marginalized and poor but STD is only associated with the disadvantaged group hence theyre highly affected. (Jemmott et al., 2008) Community Resources There is very great challenge in the health sector for the patients with the STD infections in the Bowie City. A good number of health centers do not offer quality services for its clients despite the increasing cases of infections. However, Greater Baden Medical Services (GBMS) offers full and quality services to the residents of Bowie city. Its fully equipped medical equipment for those willing to be screened, treated and Medicaid services. The Greater Baden Medical Services has come up with mobile clinic services to reach those in remote areas, elderly and other groups that find it hard to get medical services. This is because most of the residents of Bowie city are marginalized and poor and some stay in the remote areas where they cannot easily access medical services. The mobile clinic therefore make an effort to reach the remote areas to offer services to the old and others who cannot make it to the city for health care services Community Health Problem Diagnosis The main objective according to the Healthy People 2020 is improving the quality of the health care services to achieve equity and increasing healthy life for everyone. The main people identified during my study are the high prevalence of cancer due to increased practice of unprotected sex among the youths (Marks, Crepaz Janssen, 2006). This can however be lowered by adding more females in their mid-twenties who are not enrolled in Medicaid plans and are screened for genital infections, Increasing the number of females youths health insurance plans for commercial purposes and screened for infections. Lowering syphilis and gonorrhea transmission at early and late stages within the family can significantly lower the transmission. Conclusion Sexually Transmitted Diseases is a real among the youths and the poor of Bowie City. The diseases are majorly associated with the poor and the marginalized. Campus students are also highly affected. Means such drug abuse leading to unprotected sex acts therefore have to be discouraged and community sensitization on STDs should be put on the forefront. Despite STDs rising with increasing population, there are not enough health facilities in Bowie City. However, the government, policy makers and the health technical staff are working as a team to ensure the epidemic is reduced. References Cates Jr, W. (1999). Estimates of the incidence and prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in the United States. Sexually transmitted diseases, 26(4), S2-S7. Jemmott 3rd, J. B., Jemmott, L. S., Fong, G. T. (1992). Reductions in HIV risk-associated sexual behaviors among black male adolescents: effects of an AIDS prevention intervention. American journal of public health, 82(3), 372-377. Jemmott, L. S., Jemmott, J. B., Hutchinson, M. K., Cederbaum, J. A., OLeary, A. (2008). Sexually transmitted infection/HIV risk reduction interventions in clinical practice settings. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, Neonatal Nursing, 37(2), 137-145. Marks, G., Crepaz, N., Janssen, R. S. (2006). Estimating sexual transmission of HIV from persons aware and unaware that they are infected with the virus in the USA. Aids, 20(10), 1447-1450. Mayaud, P. Mabey, D. (2004). Approaches to the control of sexually transmitted infections in developing countries: old problems and modern challenges. Sexually transmitted infections, 80(3), 174-182. Nguyen, T. V., Van Khuu, N., Le, T. T. T., Nguyen, A. P., Cao, V., Tham, D. C. Detels, R. (2008). Sexually transmitted infections and risk factors for gonorrhea and chlamydia in female sex workers in Soc Trang, Vietnam. Sexually transmitted diseases, 35(11), 935.