Literature Review; Training Evaluation Essay - 2176 Words

I have focused my research for this literature review on the two topics which I will be looking at for my project; participant reaction to training and participant learning transfer to their personal (work/study) context. In this literature review I will examine each topic briefly and explain the key issues I will then go on to talk about my research in relation to the key issues that I have identified REACTION LEARNING Two major debates dominate the area of Reaction evaluation measures, the first how useful are evaluation measures which measure trainee reaction to learning and the second that there are no comprehensive evaluation measures which define learning and present a tool which is easy for practitioners to measure reaction.†¦show more content†¦Alliger et al (1997) argue that ‘reaction’ does, to some extent, predict the amount of learning and the amount of behaviour change after learning. They go on to say however that a ‘good reaction’ does not predict the amount of learning any better than poor reactions nor are they any better at predicting the amount of behaviour change after the program. Giagreco et al (2009) examined trainee reactions and the factors affecting overall satisfaction. The results show that reaction was affected most strongly by the perceived usefulness of the training to their personal development. Although a number of studies have been carried out measuring trainee reaction (QUOTE STUDIES), in my search I was unable to find any conclusive studies which were able to state definitively whether or not end of course reaction evaluation measures are an effective evaluation tool. Reaction evaluations are also hampered by the fact that there has been little systematic academic research carried out focusing explicitly on trainee reaction to training. Part of the reason for this lack of academic research is because academics and practitioners disagree on what should be measured. Whilst at least eight training evaluation models have been identified (Osbourne 1996, Eseryel 2002), theShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Approach And Methodological Framework1554 Words   |  7 Pagesa. Evaluation approach and methodological framework Since the action plan is currently in the beginning phase, evaluation will deal with the plan’s structure and process, rather than its outcomes. Therefore, it will be a formative evaluation which can be also described as process evaluation; because it will focus on the ways of implementation and relation of programme theory with actual operations (Morra, 2009). Moreover, the evaluation will be comprehensive and inclusive enough to reflect all theRead MoreThe Use Of Simulation As A Method Of Effectively Transfer Learning Into Competencies, Building Teamwork And Basic Organizational Skills923 Words   |  4 Pagesbuilding teamwork and basic organizational skills. Limitations to this study is the small sample size, evaluation tool, and no evaluation of participants experiences of past simulation exposure. The literature review stated that the use of up to fifty percent as a clinical experience had no impact on NCLEX-RN past rates. Therefore this study could be used by educator s as evidence for future training to ensure competencies of APRN. Forneris, Neal, Tiffany, Kuehn, Meyer, 2015, replicated the Dieifurest’sRead MoreEvaluation And Evaluation Of Preservice Foster Parents1577 Words   |  7 PagesOverview This thesis addresses the evaluation of preservice foster parents training. To determine its value, effectiveness, and outcomes, the thesis is divided into two separate studies. Where the focus is on providing empirical evidence on how preservice training improves the quality of parenting and its contribution to the care of children once they leave their natural home environment. Specifically, the thesis addresses the ability and the validity of preservice training in providing potential fosterRead MoreCorporate Training Evaluation Process Opportunity1749 Words   |  7 PagesSection I – Corporate Training Evaluation Process Opportunity The financial retirement industry relies on the professional education level of their employees to offer effective and efficient assistance to its clients with an ethical responsibility of accurate and complete financial reporting (Arthur, Wolfe, Staley, 2005). This requires a significant amount of training to become proficient with the systems and very knowledgeable of the guidelines and rules associated with transactional changesRead MoreIntegrated Family Wellness ( Ifw ) A Alternative Medicine Medical Clinic1584 Words   |  7 Pagesintegrated medical practice, regardless of the specialty. Lisa McNeil and Trifecta Consulting were hired to assess the organizational and training needs, determine why profits have flat lined in the last three years, and make suggestions for improvement of processes and systems. Four weeks into the observation period, the following has been determined: there are no training protocols for employees, unused job descriptions, an outdated procedure manual, little staff oversight, no formal collection of demographicsRead MoreHrd Audit Literature Review683 Words   |  3 PagesLiterature Review If you believe everything you read, better not read. (Japanese Proverb) [pic] What is a literature review? A literature review is an account of what has been published on a topic in the past. Its purpose is to inform the reader what has been established about a topic and what the strengths and weaknesses are. A literature review must be defined by a guiding concept and should not be a list of all the material that you can find (Porter, S. 2008, p.49). What isRead MoreLeadership Development : A Strategic Approach820 Words   |  4 Pagesapproach such as coaching, training programs, mentoring, and/or virtual learning. A critical analysis and evaluation of what I learned regarding leadership development is that organizations must evaluate organizational needs and individual skills and competencies; assess an individual readiness to learn; create performance measures and evaluation criteria to measure training and learning effectiveness; create an organizational culture that promotes continual learning, training, and development; shared-vision;Read MoreThe Goal Of Healing Homes1621 Words   |  7 Pagesare related to placement success because a substantial proportion of children in care come from culturally diverse backgrounds. The study consisted of telephone interviews to participants (foster parents) by the researchers compared against literature reviews. These foster parents were asked to identify what they deemed as necessary resources to improve their confidence with fostering children from culturally diverse backgrounds (Brown et. al, 2009). Sixty-one foster parents participated in theRead MoreSupervisors face the formidable challenge of providing fair evaluation of intern performance while600 Words   |  3 Pages Supervisors face the formidable challenge of providing fair evaluation of intern performance while maintaining high professional and legal standards (Hahn Molnar, 1991). A balanced evaluation of strengths and weaknesses provides the intern with feedback about areas of expertise as well as areas that require continuing education and supervision. Ongoing evaluations may help interns incorporate the role of evaluator with those of teacher, facilitator, and mentor (Hahn Molnar, 1991). LIMITATIONSRead MoreA Systematic Search Of The Database Psycinfo1247 Words   |  5 Pagesdissertations (89%). Based on this analysis there has been no decline on the volume of research on drawing techniques evident in journal publications or books over the past decade. Table 2 summarizes survey findings of both academic and applied settings on training emphasis andusage of drawing techniques since 1989. This analysis includes the 60 published studies that were identified in journal publications, based on clinician/practitioner and academic/trainingsamples, although the vast majority of the data-pool

The Reason For The Existence Of Evil - 1181 Words

The reason for the existence of evil is a topic that as been a debauchle among philosophers for a long time. In this paper I am going to examine four major perspectives: the Judaic/Christian family, Augustine’s free will theory, â€Å"soul-making theodicy,† and eschatological perspective. All of these theories have valid points and flaws in their writing. I hope to compare and contrast them, so that I can better undertand. First, there is the perspective of Judaism and Christianity. The cause of evil and the extent of its power rely on â€Å"conditional covenants.† That is how it began in the garden of Eden. God promised he would take care of them and humanity could continue to live without pain, yet they chose to break the one rule God gave them.†¦show more content†¦It’s the story of David and Bathsheba. Then, there is the question of corrupt people and organizations. It is hard to imagine what purpose God could be serving by letting them continue. God can use wicked people and things to accomplish his purposes. He is always in control. Also, justice is guaranteed in regards to payment for sins. If we do not see evil punished on Earth, it will be punished in eternity. Specifically, suffering due to evil can also serve a redemptive purpose. This is most profoundly seen in the doctrine of the Messiah, whom the Christians understand to be Jesus. Our evil nature had created a chas m between humanity and God. God sent his Son to bridge the spiritual gap. In order to do that, he had to suffer and die at the hands of evil. Then, he rose again. God permitted this to happen, but the people who crucified Jesus were not following God’s orders. They were motivated by the evil in their hearts. God simply used their evil deeds for good, the redemption of all people who would come. This perspective has much to say about the teleological answer for evil. God allows it, but He is still good and great. The only problem is, not all events happen with for an instrumental purpose for the benefit of the sufferer. This is cleary portrayed in the book of Job. Next, there is Augustine’s free will theory, which was heavily influenced by Neo-Platonism. According to Augustine, evil is a â€Å"deprivation† or lack of good. The only pro I can

Animal Farm Allegory †Revolution and Dystopia Free Essays

Eric Blair, known by his pen name George Orwell, was an Englishman whose writings attacked political and social oppression. One of his best-known works, Animal Farm, was written in 1945 and is a satire on abusive political power and an allegory of Russian history. George Orwell’s life experiences influenced Animal Farm; as a student, he was discriminated against, and as an adult he was often impoverished and rebelled against social and economic oppression. We will write a custom essay sample on Animal Farm Allegory – Revolution and Dystopia or any similar topic only for you Order Now Napoleon, a huge Berkshire boar who becomes the dictator of Animal Farm, exhibits many of the traits of Stalin and other dictators as he constantly manipulates thought and belief, sets up a scapegoat, and proves his power by making others suffer. Napoleon uses his agent Squealer to manipulate thought and belief about he happenings on the farm just as Stalin used the communist newspaper, Pravda. Throughout the course of the novel, the animals all work on the windmill, the main project of the farm. At the very start, Napoleon had been opposed to the idea of the windmill, but through Squealer makes all the other animals believe â€Å"that [he] had never in reality been opposed to the windmill† (Orwell 71). Napoleon is probably opposed to the idea of the windmill because it was Snowball’s idea first. After Snowball was expelled, Napoleon takes the idea as his own so he can have the credit if it succeeds, and if it doesn’t then he can blame Snowball. Joseph Stalin did much of the same idea in that if anything worked, it was his idea and if it failed, he quickly found a scapegoat. Napoleon also uses Squealer to spread propaganda about his false feelings for the animals. He has Squealer give long speeches in which he â€Å"would talk with the tears rolling down his cheeks of Napoleon’s wisdom, the goodness of his heart, and the deep love he bore to all animals everywhere, even and especially the unhappy animals who still lived in ignorance and slavery on other farms† (Orwell 100). Napoleon obviously doesn’t care much for the animals on the farm just as Stalin and other dictators don’t really care about the well being of the people that they rule. Napoleon, like Stalin and other dictators, uses propaganda to maintain control over the people, and keep himself in power. Just as Stalin sets up Trotsky as his scapegoat for things that go wrong, Napoleon makes Snowball his scapegoat throughout the novel so Napoleon never takes the blame for anything. As conditions on the farm start to deteriorate under Napoleon’s rule, Napoleon tells the animals that â€Å"[Snowball] stole the corn, he upset the milk-pails, he broke the eggs, he trampled the seedbeds, he gnawed the bark off the fruit trees† (Orwell 88). This isn’t the case, as Snowball had never done any of those things just as all scapegoats usually don’t commit any of the crimes they are accused of. Napoleon, like Stalin and other dictators, need to set up a scapegoat for poor conditions so that failures will never reflect poorly on them. As conditions on the farm grow worse and worse under Napoleon’s rule, it becomes commonplace for the animals to accept that â€Å"Whenever anything went wrong it became usual to attribute it to Snowball† (Orwell 88). A big enough lie has been told about Snowball so often, that all the animals just automatically believe that all the problems on the farm are Snowball’s fault. Without scapegoats to blame all their problems on, dictators would be overthrown even more quickly than they usually are. Napoleon shares another trait with other dictators in that he must prove his power by making others suffer. To help wash his hands of all of the failures of the farm, Napoleon, by intimidation, forces four pigs to confess â€Å"that they had been secretly in touch with Snowball ever since his expulsion, that they had collaborated with him in destroying the windmill, and that they had entered into an agreement with him to hand over Animal Farm to Mr. Frederick† (Orwell 92). Napoleon holds these trials of the animals and forces them to confess to things that they didn’t do just as Joseph Stalin did during the Moscow Purge Trails. The trials continue and the reasons for slaughtering become even more ridiculous as some animals are even slain for having a dream of Snowball. The awful trials continue, â€Å"until there was a pile of corpses lying before Napoleon’s feet and the air was heavy with the smell of blood, which had been unknown there since the expulsion of Jones† (Orwell 93). The society that the pigs and Napoleon created has now come to mirror the society that the animals had rebelled against at the beginning of the novel. Napoleon, like other dictators, feels that he must continually prove his power in order to keep from being overthrown. Napoleon constantly manipulates the thoughts and beliefs of the other animals, sets up Snowball as a scapegoat, and proves his power by making others suffer for his failures, similar to how Stalin and other dictators established and controlled their regimes. When those in power become corrupt, prosperous societies become dystopias controlled by the wishes and wants of those who lead. Lord Acton once said that â€Å"Power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely,† a theme that is echoed not only throughout this novel, but also throughout history. How to cite Animal Farm Allegory – Revolution and Dystopia, Papers